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Cramps and spasms
Also known as Muscle Cramps
Cramps are neural sensations caused by muscle contraction or overshortening. Common causes of skeletal muscle cramps may include muscle fatigue, low sodium, low potassium, and/or low magnesium.Smooth muscle cramps may be due to menstruation or gastroenteritis.
Source: WikipediaWhat causes it?
The most common causes of cramps and spasms are threatened pregnancy, pregnancy, and urinary tract infection. Other possible causes, such as problem during pregnancy, are more rare.
What symptoms are related?
Within all the people who go to their doctor with cramps and spasms, 62% report having pain during pregnancy, 44% report having sharp abdominal pain, and 36% report having vomiting.
- Pain during pregnancy strong predictor 62
- Sharp abdominal pain 44
- Vomiting 36
- Spotting or bleeding during pregnancy strong predictor 35
- Ache all over 30
- Nausea 30
- Intermenstrual bleeding strong predictor 28
- Diarrhea 27
- Problems during pregnancy 26
- Dizziness 25
- Vaginal discharge 16
- Lower abdominal pain 16
What might my doctor prescribe?
Common Tests and Procedures
Patients with cramps and spasms often receive hematologic tests, urinalysis, complete blood count, radiographic imaging procedure, standard pregnancy test, intravenous fluid replacement, glucose measurement and pelvis exam .
Common Medications
The most commonly prescribed drugs for patients with cramps and spasms include botulinum toxin type a (botox), rho(d) immune globulin (rhogam), terbutaline, cefotetan, methylergonovine (methergine), rubella virus vaccine, sorbitol, riluzole, paricalcitol (zemplar), diclofenac topical product, captopril / hydrochlorothiazide, magnesium lactate and magnesium salicylate / phenyltoloxamine .
| Botulinum Toxin Type A (Botox) | ||
| Rho(D) Immune Globulin (Rhogam) | $166 (7 days) | |
| Terbutaline | $47 (28 days) | |
| Cefotetan | $189 (7 days) | |
| Methylergonovine (Methergine) | $74 (14 days) | |
| Rubella Virus Vaccine | ||
| Sorbitol | ||
| Riluzole | $890 (28 days) | |
| Paricalcitol (Zemplar) | $242 (28 days) | |
| Diclofenac Topical Product | ||
| Magnesium Lactate |
Who is at risk?
Groups of people at highest risk for cramps and spasms include age 15-29 years.
Age
| < 1 years | 0.2x | |
| 1-4 years | 0.3x | |
| 5-14 years | 0.3x | |
| 15-29 years | 2.7x | |
| 30-44 years | 1.2x | |
| 45-59 years | 0.6x | |
| 60-74 years | 0.4x | |
| 75+ years | 0.4x |
Sex
| Male | 0.4x | |
| Female | 1.5x |
Race/Ethnicity
| Black | 1.3x | |
| Hispanic | 1.0x | |
| White | 0.9x | |
| Other | 1.0x |
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