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Stroke
Also known as Cva, Cerebrovascular Accident, and Apoplexy
A stroke, or cerebrovascular accident (CVA), is the rapid loss of brain function due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain. This can be due to ischemia (lack of blood flow) caused by blockage (thrombosis, arterial embolism), or a hemorrhage. As a result, the affected area of the brain cannot function, which might result in an inability to move one or more limbs on one side of the body, inability to understand or formulate speech, or an inability to see one side of the visual field.
Source: WikipediaWhat are the symptoms?
Within all the people who go to their doctor with stroke, 46% report having focal weakness, 43% report having dizziness, and 37% report having headache. The symptoms that are highly suggestive of stroke are focal weakness, problems with movement, slurring words, and difficulty speaking, although you may still have stroke without those symptoms.
- Focal weakness strong predictor 46
- Dizziness 43
- Headache 37
- Loss of sensation 37
- Weakness 33
- Problems with movement strong predictor 33
- Slurring words strong predictor 30
- Difficulty speaking strong predictor 29
- Depressive or psychotic symptoms 27
- Seizures 23
- Abnormal involuntary movements 14
- Disturbance of memory 13
What might my doctor prescribe?
Common Tests and Procedures
Patients with stroke often receive radiographic imaging procedure, hematologic tests, complete blood count, x-ray computed tomography, electrocardiogram, glucose measurement, electrolytes panel and kidney function tests .
Common Medications
The most commonly prescribed drugs for patients with stroke include clopidogrel (plavix), aspirin / dipyridamole, labetalol, alteplase, fosphenytoin, deferasirox (exjade), bethanechol, nicardipine, dalteparin (fragmin), rimabotulinumtoxinb (myobloc), aspirin / caffeine, l-methylfolate and carbidopa / entacapone / levodopa .
| Clopidogrel (Plavix) | $151 (28 days) | |
| Labetalol | $19 (28 days) | |
| Alteplase | ||
| Fosphenytoin | $23 (7 days) | |
| Deferasirox (Exjade) | $4742 (28 days) | |
| Bethanechol | $67 (28 days) | |
| Nicardipine | $28 (28 days) | |
| Dalteparin (Fragmin) | $824 (14 days) | |
| Rimabotulinumtoxinb (Myobloc) | $965 (28 days) | |
| L-Methylfolate |
Who is at risk?
Groups of people at highest risk for stroke include age 75+ years age 60-74 years. On the other hand, age 1-4 years almost never get stroke.
Age
| < 1 years | 0.1x | |
| 1-4 years | 0.0x | |
| 5-14 years | 0.1x | |
| 15-29 years | 0.1x | |
| 30-44 years | 0.4x | |
| 45-59 years | 1.1x | |
| 60-74 years | 2.5x | |
| 75+ years | 3.4x |
Sex
| Male | 1.1x | |
| Female | 0.9x |
Race/Ethnicity
| Black | 1.1x | |
| Hispanic | 0.5x | |
| White | 1.1x | |
| Other | 1.0x |
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