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Postpartum depression
Also known as Postnatal Depression, Postnatal Blues, and Puerperal Depression
Postpartum depression (PPD), also called postnatal depression, is a type of clinical depression which can affect women, and less frequently men, typically after childbirth. Studies report prevalence rates among women from 5% to 25%, but methodological differences among the studies make the actual prevalence rate unclear. Among men, in particular new fathers, the incidence of postpartum depression has been estimated to be between 1% and 25.5%. Postpartum depression occurs in women after they have carried a child. Symptoms include sadness, fatigue, changes in sleeping and eating patterns, reduced libido, crying episodes, anxiety, and irritability. Although a number of risk factors have been identified, the causes of PPD are not well understood. Many women recover with a treatment consisting of a support group or counseling.
Source: WikipediaWhat are the symptoms?
Within all the people who go to their doctor with postpartum depression, 57% report having depression, 33% report having recent pregnancy, and 33% report having problems during pregnancy. The symptoms that are highly suggestive of postpartum depression are recent pregnancy and problems during pregnancy, although you may still have postpartum depression without those symptoms.
- Depression 57
- Recent pregnancy strong predictor 33
- Problems during pregnancy strong predictor 33
- Anxiety and nervousness 30
- Pain during pregnancy 25
- Depressive or psychotic symptoms 24
- Drug abuse 12
- Spotting or bleeding during pregnancy 12
- Uterine contractions 10
- Delusions or hallucinations 10
- Intermenstrual bleeding 5
- Excessive anger 3
What might my doctor prescribe?
Common Tests and Procedures
Patients with postpartum depression often receive urinalysis, pelvis exam, examination of breast, mental health counseling, ultrasonography, chlamydia test, depression screen and standard pregnancy test .
Common Medications
The most commonly prescribed drugs for patients with postpartum depression include sertraline (zoloft), methadone, miconazole topical product, propylthiouracil, rho(d) immune globulin (rhogam), aloe vera preparation, bromocriptine, desipramine, guar gum and dapsone .
| Sertraline (Zoloft) | $13 (28 days) | |
| Methadone | $20 (28 days) | |
| Miconazole Topical Product | ||
| Propylthiouracil | $10 (28 days) | |
| Rho(D) Immune Globulin (Rhogam) | $166 (7 days) | |
| Aloe Vera Preparation | ||
| Bromocriptine | $114 (28 days) | |
| Desipramine | $65 (28 days) | |
| Guar Gum | ||
| Dapsone | $40 (28 days) |
Who is at risk?
Groups of people at highest risk for postpartum depression include race/ethnicity = other, age 30-44 years, sex == female and age 15-29 years. On the other hand, age 75+ years, sex == male, age 60-74 years, age 1-4 years, age 45-59 years, and age < 1 years almost never get postpartum depression.
Age
| < 1 years | 0.0x | |
| 1-4 years | 0.0x | |
| 5-14 years | 0.1x | |
| 15-29 years | 3.7x | |
| 30-44 years | 1.6x | |
| 45-59 years | 0.0x | |
| 60-74 years | 0.0x | |
| 75+ years | 0.0x |
Sex
| Male | 0.0x | |
| Female | 1.7x |
Race/Ethnicity
| Black | 1.3x | |
| Hispanic | 1.5x | |
| White | 0.7x | |
| Other | 1.5x |
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