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Osteoarthritis
Also known as Degenerative Joint Disease, Degenerative Arthritis, Osteoarthrosis, Degenerative Arthropathy, and Hypertrophic Arthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA) also known as degenerative arthritis or degenerative joint disease or osteoarthrosis, is a group of mechanical abnormalities involving degradation of joints, including articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Symptoms may include joint pain, tenderness, stiffness, locking, and sometimes an effusion. A variety of causes—hereditary, developmental, metabolic, and mechanical deficits—may initiate processes leading to loss of cartilage. When bone surfaces become less well protected by cartilage, bone may be exposed and damaged. As a result of decreased movement secondary to pain, regional muscles may atrophy, and ligaments may become more lax.
Source: WikipediaWhat are the symptoms?
Within all the people who go to their doctor with osteoarthritis, 77% report having knee pain, 41% report having hip pain, and 41% report having shoulder pain. The symptoms that are highly suggestive of osteoarthritis are knee pain, joint pain, knee swelling, and knee weakness, although you may still have osteoarthritis without those symptoms.
What might my doctor prescribe?
Common Tests and Procedures
Patients with osteoarthritis often receive radiographic imaging procedure, plain x-ray, physical therapy exercises, lipid panel, magnetic resonance imaging, hemoglobin a1c measurement, other non-or therapeutic procedures on musculoskeletal system and examination of foot .
Common Medications
The most commonly prescribed drugs for patients with osteoarthritis include celecoxib (celebrex), triamcinolone topical product, meloxicam, bupivacaine, sodium hyaluronate, cortisone, chondroitin-glucosamine, piroxicam, diclofenac / misoprostol, chondroitin, mepivacaine (carbocaine), insulin isophane-insulin regular and ethyl chloride topical .
| Celecoxib (Celebrex) | $128 (28 days) | |
| Triamcinolone Topical Product | ||
| Meloxicam | $8 (28 days) | |
| Bupivacaine | $27 (14 days) | |
| Sodium Hyaluronate | ||
| Cortisone | $18 (28 days) | |
| Chondroitin-Glucosamine | ||
| Piroxicam | $34 (28 days) | |
| Chondroitin | ||
| Mepivacaine (Carbocaine) | ||
| Insulin Isophane-Insulin Regular | ||
| Ethyl Chloride Topical |
Who is at risk?
Groups of people at highest risk for osteoarthritis include age 75+ years, age 60-74 years and age 45-59 years. On the other hand, age 5-14 years, age 1-4 years, and age < 1 years almost never get osteoarthritis.
Age
| < 1 years | 0.0x | |
| 1-4 years | 0.0x | |
| 5-14 years | 0.0x | |
| 15-29 years | 0.1x | |
| 30-44 years | 0.5x | |
| 45-59 years | 1.5x | |
| 60-74 years | 2.3x | |
| 75+ years | 2.4x |
Sex
| Male | 0.8x | |
| Female | 1.1x |
Race/Ethnicity
| Black | 0.9x | |
| Hispanic | 0.8x | |
| White | 1.1x | |
| Other | 0.8x |
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