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Aplastic anemia
Also known as Bone Marrow Aplasia and Erythroid Aplasia
Aplastic anemia is a disease in which the bone marrow, and the blood stem cells that reside there, are damaged. This causes a deficiency of all three blood cell types (pancytopenia): red blood cells (anemia), white blood cells (leukopenia), and platelets (thrombocytopenia). Aplastic refers to inability of the stem cells to generate the mature blood cells.
Source: WikipediaWhat are the symptoms?
Within all the people who go to their doctor with aplastic anemia, 41% report having fatigue, 36% report having fever, and 29% report having weakness. The symptoms that are highly suggestive of aplastic anemia are slurring words, feeling cold, and mouth dryness, although you may still have aplastic anemia without those symptoms.
What might my doctor prescribe?
Common Tests and Procedures
Patients with aplastic anemia often receive hematologic tests, complete blood count, glucose measurement, electrolytes panel, complete physical skin exam performed (ml), kidney function tests, hemoglobin a1c measurement and x-ray computed tomography .
Common Medications
The most commonly prescribed drugs for patients with aplastic anemia include darbepoetin alfa (aranesp), pegfilgrastim (neulasta), cyclosporine, filgrastim (neupogen), fluconazole (diflucan), vitamin b 12, heparin, carboplatin, paclitaxel (taxol), melphalan, deferasirox (exjade), granisetron and sennosides, usp (perdiem) .
| Darbepoetin Alfa (Aranesp) | $1004 (21 days) | |
| Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) | $4278 (21 days) | |
| Cyclosporine | $209 (28 days) | |
| Filgrastim (Neupogen) | $1938 (14 days) | |
| Fluconazole (Diflucan) | $7 (7 days) | |
| Vitamin B 12 | $6 (28 days) | |
| Heparin | $52 (7 days) | |
| Carboplatin | $182 (21 days) | |
| Paclitaxel (Taxol) | $978 (21 days) | |
| Melphalan | $148 (14 days) | |
| Deferasirox (Exjade) | $4742 (28 days) | |
| Granisetron | $426 (14 days) | |
| Sennosides, Usp (Perdiem) | $9 (28 days) |
Who is at risk?
Groups of people at highest risk for aplastic anemia include age 75+ years, age 60-74 years and age 5-14 years. On the other hand, age < 1 years almost never get aplastic anemia.
Age
| < 1 years | 0.0x | |
| 1-4 years | 0.3x | |
| 5-14 years | 1.8x | |
| 15-29 years | 0.4x | |
| 30-44 years | 0.4x | |
| 45-59 years | 0.9x | |
| 60-74 years | 1.6x | |
| 75+ years | 2.8x |
Sex
| Male | 1.4x | |
| Female | 0.7x |
Race/Ethnicity
| Black | 0.8x | |
| Hispanic | 0.7x | |
| White | 1.2x | |
| Other | 0.5x |
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