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Anemia of chronic disease
Anemia of chronic disease, also referred to as anemia of inflammatory response, or ACD, is a form of anemia seen in chronic illness, e.g. from chronic infection, chronic immune activation, or malignancy. New discoveries suggest that the syndrome is likely largely the result of the body's production of hepcidin, a master regulator of human iron metabolism.
Source: WikipediaWhat are the symptoms?
Within all the people who go to their doctor with anemia of chronic disease, 52% report having weakness, 34% report having fatigue, and 34% report having diarrhea. The symptoms that are highly suggestive of anemia of chronic disease are low back weakness and emotional symptoms, although you may still have anemia of chronic disease without those symptoms.
What might my doctor prescribe?
Common Tests and Procedures
Patients with anemia of chronic disease often receive hematologic tests, complete blood count, glucose measurement, complete physical skin exam performed (ml), electrolytes panel, electrocardiogram, hemoglobin a1c measurement and examination of breast .
Common Medications
The most commonly prescribed drugs for patients with anemia of chronic disease include epoetin alfa (procrit), tolterodine (detrol), alendronate, ferric oxide, saccharated (venofer), darbepoetin alfa (aranesp), memantine (namenda), eszopiclone (lunesta), hydralazine, dexamethasone, donepezil (aricept), vitamin b 12, methylphenidate and insulin isophane-insulin regular .
| Epoetin Alfa (Procrit) | $804 (21 days) | |
| Tolterodine (Detrol) | $121 (28 days) | |
| Alendronate | ||
| Ferric Oxide, Saccharated (Venofer) | ||
| Darbepoetin Alfa (Aranesp) | $1004 (21 days) | |
| Memantine (Namenda) | $157 (28 days) | |
| Eszopiclone (Lunesta) | $164 (28 days) | |
| Hydralazine | $24 (28 days) | |
| Dexamethasone | $13 (14 days) | |
| Donepezil (Aricept) | $210 (28 days) | |
| Vitamin B 12 | $6 (28 days) | |
| Methylphenidate | $42 (28 days) | |
| Insulin Isophane-Insulin Regular |
Who is at risk?
Groups of people at highest risk for anemia of chronic disease include age 75+ years age 60-74 years. On the other hand, age 5-14 years, age 1-4 years, age 15-29 years, and age < 1 years almost never get anemia of chronic disease.
Age
| < 1 years | 0.0x | |
| 1-4 years | 0.0x | |
| 5-14 years | 0.0x | |
| 15-29 years | 0.0x | |
| 30-44 years | 0.4x | |
| 45-59 years | 0.7x | |
| 60-74 years | 2.7x | |
| 75+ years | 4.3x |
Sex
| Male | 0.8x | |
| Female | 1.2x |
Race/Ethnicity
| Black | 0.6x | |
| Hispanic | 0.7x | |
| White | 1.2x | |
| Other | 0.9x |
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